Assessment Of Environmental Determinants Contributing To Cancer Incidence And Patient Well-Being In Coimbatore District, Tamilnadu, India: A Review

Abstract

Environmental determinants play a significant role in shaping cancer incidence and treatment trajectories across urbanizing regions in India. Coimbatore District, a rapidly industrializing hub of Tamil Nadu, presents complex environmental exposures stemming from industrial emissions, water contamination, vehicular pollution, and lifestyle transitions. This review synthesizes empirical evidence from global, national, and regional studies to examine how environmental risk factors contribute to cancer patterns and influence patient well-being in Coimbatore. Environmental factors are assessed in connection with cancer epidemiology, including industrial effluents, pesticide exposure, heavy metals in groundwater, and air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, and NOx). The review also addresses environmental stressors that impact patients' quality of life, such as proximity to industrial clusters, green spaces, supportive housing, and access to clean air. The results highlight the necessity of multi-sectoral regulatory frameworks, patient-centered environmental interventions, and integrative environmental health surveillance. Future research, policy, and community-level environmental monitoring recommendations are made.