Integrating Fish Taxonomy Knowledge and Partnerships for Sustainable Development Goals: Lessons from Brackish -Water Fish Management in the Gulf of Thailand

Abstract

The Gulf of Thailand is ecologically and economically vital, yet its brackish-water fish biodiversity remains inadequately studied and increasingly vulnerable to human-induced threats. This study addresses these gaps through four objectives: clarifying taxonomic status, assessing fisheries and biodiversity challenges, analyzing multi-level partnerships, and proposing integrative pathways aligned with SDGs 14 (Life below water) and 17 (Partnerships for the goals) Using qualitative synthesis and content analysis, the study identifies unresolved taxonomic ambiguities—including cryptic species and hybridization—as critical obstacles to effective conservation. Additional stressors such as overfishing, habitat degradation, and harmful algal blooms further diminish ecosystem resilience. Findings highlight that collaborative governance, involving state agencies, academic institutions, local communities, and international partners, is essential for data harmonization and adaptive management. The study proposes a dual framework in which taxonomic clarity forms the scientific foundation, and partnerships act as enablers of governance reform. Key recommendations include developing a centralized taxonomic database, adopting molecular tools, fostering regional research alliances, and ensuring inclusive stakeholder engagement. This integrative approach contributes to a scalable governance model for sustainable fisheries and biodiversity conservation in the Gulf of Thailand