Knowledge regarding high risk pregnancy among women in the reproductive age group from selected urban areas in a view to develop an information booklet

Abstract

Introduction: High-risk pregnancy is defined as any gestation that increases the likelihood of adverse health outcomes for the mother, fetus, or both. Globally, maternal complications during pregnancy and labor remain a major cause of mortality, with India recording a high prevalence of high-risk pregnancies at 49.4%. Adequate knowledge regarding risk factors, warning signs, and preventive measures is essential to promote timely medical intervention and improve maternal and fetal outcomes.    Aim: The study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding high-risk pregnancy among women in the reproductive age group from selected urban areas of Pune city, with the objective of developing a validated information booklet to enhance awareness. Methodology: A non-experimental exploratory research design was adopted. The study included 200 women aged 18–45 years selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Women with prior high-risk pregnancies or in the postnatal period were excluded. Data were collected using a self-structured, validated questionnaire consisting of 30 items. Knowledge scores were categorized as Poor (0–8), Average (9–16), Good (17–24), and Excellent (25–30). Demographic variables and prior knowledge were also recorded. Results:

Among participants, 71.5% had average knowledge, 20% had poor knowledge, and 8.5% demonstrated good knowledge regarding high-risk pregnancy. Significant associations were observed between knowledge levels and demographic variables including age, education, marital status, gravida, occupation, and prior knowledge. The developed information booklet, covering identification, risk factors, warning signs, prevention, and essential care practices, was validated with a Content Validity Index (CVI) of 0.803, indicating its reliability and relevance. Conclusion: The study highlights that while women possess basic awareness of high-risk pregnancy, knowledge gaps persist, particularly regarding specific risk factors and warning signs. Targeted educational interventions, including validated information booklets and community awareness programs, can enhance understanding, promote timely care, and potentially reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.