A pre-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of Information Booklet on knowledge regarding care of thalassemia children among parents in selected hospitals of Pune city

Abstract

Introduction: One of the most predominant genetic disorders in the world is thalassaemia. A decrease in haemoglobin synthesis is the hallmark of this inborn haemolytic anaemia, also known as Mediterranean anaemia or Cooley's anaemia. It causes haemolysis, fruitless erythropoiesis, and defective haemoglobinization of red blood cells, which results in hypochromic microcytic anaemia.

Aims of the Study: To assess the effectiveness of Information Booklet on knowledge regarding care of thalassemia children among parents in selected hospitals of Pune city.

Methodology: In the present study, the researcher adopted a quantitative approach and employed a pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design. The study was conducted on a sample of 100 participants, selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a demographic profile tool. An intervention in the form of an informational booklet on the care of children with thalassemia was provided to the participants. Data analysis was primarily carried out using descriptive statistical methods to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.

Results:  Most parents were aged 26–45 years and had one child with thalassemia. Nearly half were employed full-time, and 42% had a high school education. Most rated their child's health as very good or excellent. Pre-test scores showed poor to average knowledge (mean = 10.3), with gaps in fatigue management, folic acid use, and iron monitoring. Post-test scores improved significantly (mean = 14.6, p = 0.00001), confirming the intervention’s effectiveness. Most participants had average or good knowledge post-intervention. No significant correlation was found between demographic factors and knowledge levels.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the study showed that the information booklet effectively improved parental knowledge on thalassemia care, with a significant increase in post-test scores (mean 14.6). This highlights the importance of educational interventions in enhancing disease management. However, further education on specific areas like fatigue management and blood clot prevention is needed for more comprehensive care.