Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Hypertension: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Hypertension, a leading cause of global mortality, significantly contributes to cardiovascular diseases through complex mechanisms involving vascular dysfunction. Given the profound impact of hypertension on global health and the central role of VEGF in vascular regulation, understanding the intricate relationship between VEGF and blood pressure dysregulation is critical for identifying novel therapeutic targets. This systematic review aims to comprehensively synthesize the existing literature on the association between VEGF and hypertension, exploring both its physiological regulatory roles and its involvement in hypertensive pathologies. Our review is conclusive of the intricate interplay of various VEGF isoforms, particularly VEGF-A and VEGF-C, with endothelial function, vascular remodeling, and lymphatic integrity, fundamentally underpins the pathogenesis and progression of hypertension. This complex relationship underscores the potential for VEGF-targeted therapies to offer novel strategies for managing this widespread condition, moving beyond traditional pharmacological approaches.