Hemoglobin Glycation Index (HGI) and in-hospital prognosis in patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Abstract

Background: ADHF usually induces in-hospital hyperglycemia which initiates cardiac glucotoxicity. HGI is considered a simple marker to diagnose in-hospital hyperglycemia and its prognostic impact in patients hospitalized with ADHF.

Aim of study:  This study aimed to assess the ability of HGI to predict in-hospital mortality and other adverse clinical outcome and in hospitalized patients with ADHF.

Methods:  The participants were all hospitalized patients with rapid development of exaggerated symptoms and signs of congestion due to heart failure (HF) that confirmed by presence of elevated brain natriuretic peptide hormone (BNP) levels and evidence of structural heart disease diagnosed transthoracic echocardiography at time of hospital admission. HGI is the difference between the measured hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and the predicted HbA1c obtained by this equation (predicted HbA1c = 0.024 FPG + 3.1).

Results:  the values of HGI above (2.54%) had a sensitivity of 68.4% and specificity of 87.6% (AUC=0.821, P value<0.001) to predict in-hospital mortality and the values of HGI above (1.28%) had a sensitivity of 87.2% and specificity of 78.2% (AUC=0.860, P value<0.001) to predict other in-hospital adverse clinical outcome among patients who were admitted with ADHF during their hospital course.

Conclusion:  HGI is considered as independent marker for the risk of in-hospital mortality and other adverse clinical outcomes in the patients hospitalized with ADHF.