CARE-PULSE Intervention for Post-Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Holistic Approach to Improve Patient Outcomes

Abstract

Post-cardiac surgery rehabilitation is a complex and multidimensional process that necessitates a patient-centered, holistic approach to optimize recovery and long-term outcomes. The CARE-PULSE model is a novel, integrative intervention developed to address the broad spectrum of physiological, psychological, and functional challenges experienced by patients following cardiac surgery. This model incorporates nine foundational components: Cardiac Monitoring, Active Breathing Control, Range of Motion (ROM) Exercises, Early Ambulation, Pain Management, Renal Care, Lifestyle Vital Signs, Strength Restoration, and Enhanced Recovery. Each element is designed to support a specific domain of recovery.

The CARE-PULSE model is grounded in evidence-based practice and supported by theoretical frameworks that emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary care, patient empowerment, and functional restoration. This review critically examines the individual and synergistic effects of the nine CARE-PULSE components in the context of contemporary cardiac rehabilitation practices. The integration of physical activity, respiratory support, symptom management, and lifestyle monitoring forms a cohesive pathway that promotes faster recovery, reduces postoperative complications, and enhances quality of life.

Furthermore, this model emphasizes continuity of care, adaptability to individual patient needs, and alignment with secondary prevention goals. Gaps in the current literature are identified, particularly in areas such as long-term adherence, patient-reported outcomes, and cost-effectiveness. Recommendations are provided for future research to validate and expand the CARE-PULSE framework, with the aim of establishing it as a comprehensive standard for post-cardiac surgery rehabilitation.