Design of Novel Quinazoline–Thiadiazolidinedione Hybrids: Synthetic Approach and Comprehensive Spectroscopic Analysis

Abstract

A recent Research Study on Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) enzyme inhibitors has made it possible to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with minimal side effects. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. As DPP-4 inhibitors can increase insulin levels and prolong the activity of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), they are effective for glycemic control. Quinazoline-based heterocycles and thiadiazolidinedione scaffolds are widely explored for their diverse pharmacological properties. In the present study, a new series of quinazolinone–thiadiazolidinedione derivatives coded as (S1R1-S1R11) was rationally designed & synthesised to investigate their structural features and potential biological relevance. The target compounds were obtained through a multistep synthetic route involving the formation of the quinazolinone core, followed by its condensation with substituted thiadiazolidinedione moieties under optimised reaction conditions. The synthesised derivatives were purified using chromatographic techniques, and their structures were confirmed through spectral analyses, including FT-IR, MASS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The spectral data consistently supported the successful incorporation of both quinazolinone and thiadiazolidinedione rings within the final molecular framework. The study provides a reliable synthetic approach for generating new hybrid heterocycles, which may serve as promising candidates for further pharmacological evaluation.