Gender Specific Patterns in Vascular Disease Progression Among Adult Patients

Abstract

This study investigates gender-specific trajectories in vascular disease progression by integrating high-resolution vascular imaging, computational hemodynamics, and AI-driven predictive modeling across adult male and female patient cohorts. Results demonstrated that males exhibit focal, mechanically driven plaque development characterized by elevated wall shear stress clusters, higher calcification density, and abrupt pressure gradients, whereas females display diffuse microvascular dysfunction associated with oscillatory shear variability, heightened inflammatory burden, and more uniform lumen narrowing. CFD simulations and quantitative progression metrics highlighted these mechanobiological contrasts, while AI-based prediction surfaces revealed fundamentally distinct risk evolution patterns governed by sex-dependent interactions among age, vessel stiffness, and systemic inflammation. These findings emphasize the need for gender-aware diagnostic frameworks and tailored vascular care strategies that account for divergent remodeling pathways and progression determinants.