Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(mis-c) associated with Covid-19: longterm sequelae and nursing care

Abstract

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) represents a severe post-infectious complication intricately linked to SARS-CoV-2. It is distinguished by a state of profound hyperinflammation and the involvement of various organ systems, including the cardiac, gastrointestinal, and hematologic systems. Cardiovascular problems, such as myocarditis and coronary artery anomalies, are particularly concerning. Differentiating MIS-C from other pediatric conditions like Kawasaki disease presents a significant diagnostic challenge. Acute management requires a multidisciplinary approach , often involving Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) , low-dose dexamethasone, and anticoagulants such as low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). The long-term consequences include the possibility of coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) and persistent cardiac issues like left ventricular dysfunction, necessitating continuous cardiac monitoring. Structured follow-up is crucial, with evaluations recommended at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after discharge. Nursing professionals play an essential role in the continuum of care, from early detection of clinical signs to acute monitoring, patient and caregiver education, and providing psychosocial support for families. A critical research gap exists in nursing-focused studies regarding standardized care protocols, the unique clinical experiences of registered nurses, and long-term outcomes. Future research and interdisciplinary collaboration are pivotal for developing evidence-based guidelines and optimizing care for children affected by MIS-C.