Tooth Autotransplantation: An Alternative Treatment Option for Impacted Teeth

Abstract

Aim: To assess autotransplantation as a viable treatment option for impacted teeth.

Introduction: Tooth autotransplantation (AT) is a procedure that involves the surgical removal of a tooth from one position in the mouth and repositioning it to a different location within the same patient. This technique is particularly beneficial for growing patients when orthodontic retraction, dental implants, or fixed bridges are not appropriate options. This method helps maintain the function of the periodontal ligament and preserves alveolar bone integrity, allowing for continued bone growth.

Methodology: This case report describes the management of a 12-year-old patient with a horizontally impacted permanent maxillary left central incisor. The tooth was deeply positioned in the alveolus, close to the floor of the nasal cavity. Orthodontic consultation revealed that the root was severely dilacerated (90 degrees) at the middle third and lacked adequate bone support, making surgical extraction the preferred treatment plan. The impacted tooth was surgically extracted and repositioned to its original location. The bone defect was filled with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and the tooth was stabilized with a fiber splint for one week. Afterward, a regenerative endodontic procedure was performed using a platelet-rich fibrin clot and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to restore the tooth's pulp vitality and encourage continued root development. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months, with the six-month radiographs showing periapical healing and new bone formation.

Conclusion: Autotransplantation may be considered an alternative to implants or prosthetic rehabilitation for juvenile patients with ectopically impacted teeth..