The Role Of Maternal Microbiota And The Quality Of Breast Milk

Abstract

It is becoming more widely acknowledged that the content of breast milk and the health of the newborn are significantly influenced by the mother's microbiota. The intricate relationships among early-life immunological and metabolic development, breast milk bioactive components, and maternal microbial communities are examined in this review. It emphasizes how the microbiota of the mother's gut, skin, vagina, and surroundings help to seed good bacteria in milk, influencing the gut microbiota of the baby and promoting immunological development. Maternal microorganisms have a crucial role in child nutrition and disease prevention through their modulation of breast milk contents, such as immunoglobulins, cytokines, human milk oligosaccharides, fatty acids, vitamins, and antimicrobial peptides. The effects of factors affecting maternal microbiota on milk quality and microbial diversity are investigated. These factors include the mode of delivery, food, probiotic intake, antibiotic exposure, stress, and mother health.Clinical and scientific implications are also covered in the article, with a focus on methods for preserving a healthy mother microbiome for the best lactation results and the long-term health of the infant.