Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Turban-Wearing People.

Abstract

Neck pain and headaches are among the most common musculoskeletal complaints worldwide. In turban-wearing individuals, especially within Sikh communities, prolonged and repetitive use of heavy turbans may contribute to cervical discomfort, forward head posture, and tension-type headaches due to the added mechanical load. This cross-sectional survey study was conducted on 85 turban-wearing individuals to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) associated with turban use. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed to assess symptoms such as neck pain, headaches, and postural imbalances. The findings are expected to highlight the musculoskeletal health implications of cultural headwear and the role of physiotherapy in prevention and management.

Methodology: The observational survey study was conducted at Krishna College of Physiotherapy, Karad, with ethical clearance obtained prior to commencement. A total of 85 turban-wearing individuals were included through simple random sampling. Participants were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire addressing duration, frequency, and weight of turbans worn, along with reported pain and postural discomfort.

Results : Out of 80 participants, most were male (92.3%), Sikh (90%), and wore turbans daily (88.8%), often for over 10 years (80%). Turban weight was usually 0.5–1 kg (82.5%).About 27.5% reported musculoskeletal problems, mainly headaches (15%), cervical spondylosis (8.8%), trapezitis (2.5%), and back pain (1.3%). The head (16.3%) and neck (13.8%) were the most common pain sites.While 72.5% had no complaints, a small proportion reported symptoms affecting daily life (11.2% somewhat, 3.8% significantly).

Conclusion: This study highlights the prevalence of musculoskeletal issues such as neck pain, headaches, and cervical discomfort among turban wearers. Prolonged and heavy turban use contributes to postural imbalances and cervical strain. Awareness of ergonomic tying techniques, lighter materials, and preventive physiotherapy interventions may reduce the risk of chronic musculoskeletal problems..