Future Trends in Vascular Research: Translational Advances in Atherosclerosis Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

Atherosclerosis remains a principal cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although significant progress has been made in understanding lipid metabolism, inflammation, and plaque biology, existing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have limitations in predicting events and reversing advanced lesions. Rapid advances in molecular biology, multiomics, bioengineering, regenerative medicine, imaging, and artificial intelligence have transformed the translational landscape of vascular research. This review highlights emerging trends in atherosclerosis research, including genomics-driven risk prediction, molecular imaging, nanotechnology-based drug delivery, targeted immunomodulatory therapies, endothelial restoration strategies, and AI-guided decision support systems. These innovations promise earlier detection, sustained plaque stabilization, and personalized therapy.