In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-diabetic Activity of Crotalaria hebecarpa (DC.) Rudd Leaves Extract

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin secretion or action. In search of plant-based alternatives with fewer side effects, Crotalaria hebecarpa (DC.) Rudd, a lesser-known species from the Fabaceae family, was investigated for its potential anti-diabetic activity. This study evaluated both in vitro enzyme inhibition assays and in vivo anti-diabetic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The ethanolic and aqueous extract of C. hebecarpa leaves was analyzed for its inhibitory activity against α-amylase. In vivo studies assessed fasting blood glucose levels at the test dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg bw. The findings suggest that the leaf extract of C. hebecarpa possesses significant anti-diabetic properties, possibly attributed to the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds.