Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Kegel Exercise among Parous Women in Prevention and Management of Urinary Incontinence

Abstract

Kegel exercises are a non-invasive method to strengthen pelvic floor muscles, yet awareness and implementation remained inconsistent. Aims: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Kegel exercises among parous women in the prevention and management of urinary incontinence in Kota Tinggi district, Johor, Malaysia. It also explored the association between knowledge and practice and identified factors influencing knowledge level. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 women using a self-administered 29-item questionnaire on parous women that met eligibility criteria via Google Form between October and December 2024. Data were analysed with SPSS version 25.0. Results: Results showed that 63.5% of respondents had moderate knowledge of Kegel exercises, while only 13.8% had good knowledge. Although 60.9% exhibited a positive attitude, only 6.5% demonstrated good practice, highlighting a significant gap between awareness and action. Factors such as education level and healthcare professionals’ recommendations significantly influenced knowledge and practice levels. Conclusion: The study concluded that while women in this study have moderate knowledge and a positive attitude toward Kegel exercises, their practice remains inadequate. To bridge this gap, healthcare professionals should prioritize structured education and regular reinforcement to improve adherence. Future research should focus on intervention programs to enhance long-term compliance with Kegel exercises