The Science Of Kalam In The Indian Subcontinent

Abstract

This study examines the development process of the science of theology (Kalam) in the Indian subcontinent. The Indian subcontinent is an important intellectual center in the Islamic world in light of its contributions to Islamic sciences since the first century of the Hijri era and the fourteen centuries of experience that Muslims in the region have had with members of other religions. The religious and scientific tradition that developed in this geography has become evident especially since the 12th century of the Gregorian era and has maintained its continuity until today. This study aims to reveal the development of the science of theology in the Indian subcontinent. The study was conducted through a literature review of qualitative research methods. The examinations conducted on how Islamic thought took shape in the Indian subcontinent reveal the decisive roles of political structures such as the Delhi Sultanate, the Ghaznavids and the Mughals in the spread of Islam in this region. These states not only brought Islam to the region, but also played an important role in the formation of the intellectual and cultural identity of this region.