Optimising Platelet Rich Plasma Preparation: Investigating the Effects of Temperature on platelet viability and growth factor release

Abstract

Background: Platelet rich plasma is an autologous plasma suspension of platelets & growth factors for treating multiple non-haemostatic condition. The usage and interest in platelets' regenerative qualities has grown dramatically over the last 50 years in a wide range of medical specialties worldwide.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to compare the levels of growth factors and platelet elevation in PRP samples that have been processed using the single spin & the double spin method, as well as the impact of temperature.

Method: we enrolled 28 subjects aged between 20-45 yrs. PRP prepared by single and double spin protocols. Single Spin Protocol: 10 ml blood was collected in heparinised falcon tubes and blood into 2 tubes (5ml each), processed at 2 different temperatures – 22°C and 37°C at 2700 rpm for 10 mins. In Double Spin, Sample collection & division was similar to single spin protocol, but 1st spin was performed at 1800 rpm for 12 minutes, 2nd spin at 3400 rpm for 6 minutes. After PRP preparation, the amount of growth factors and thrombocyte elevation was assessed.

Results: The mean concentration of VEGF was elevated (6.42±1.66ng/ml) when PRP was prepared at 22°C using double spin protocol, significant difference was observed at 37°C (5.49± 1.66 ng/ml). the amount of PDGF was not much affected by temperature but in double spin preparation the levels were higher (10.49± 3.88 ng/ml & 10.23± 3.92). Considering thrombocyte elevation, it was more in double spin preparation (22°C) i.e. 605.12 ± 93.03 * 103/μl.

Conclusion: The Double spin centrifugation protocol isolated increased thrombocytes and growth factors compared to single spin protocol. We observed that at 22°C the amount of growth factors and platelets were increased than at 37°C.