Health Problems: Menstrual Cycles, Hairfall, tiredness and Muscle Ache of Hypothyroidism After Pregnancy.

Abstract

Background: The thyroid gland is located in the anterior part of the lower neck, beneath the larynx, or voice box. It is the first glandular tissue to appear during the development of the. embryo in mammals. It develops into a structure with two lobes after starting as two sections of the endodermal pharynx

Materials and Methods: Over 470 willing and eligible women were evaluated for this study during and after their pregnancies. One year five months were allotted for the study. The study was conducted in the Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pathology (Biochemistry) departments of Rajeev Gandhi College and General Hospital in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh

Results: The total number of patients studied was 470 from December 2022 to Aug. 2025. Of the 470 individuals who took part in the study, 122 had hypothyroidism, which shows that 25.95% of people have hypothyroidism. Twelve people (9.83%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, and 35 people (28.68%) had overt hypothyroidism out of the 122 participants with hypothyroidism. According to the above table, the maximum number of patients in the study group belongs to the age group of 21-30 years, 39 (31.96%), and in the age group 31- 40 years, 31 cases were seen (25.40%). According to the above table, the maximum number of patients in the study group belongs to the age group of 21-30 years, 39 (31.96%), and in the age group 31-40 years, 31 cases were seen (25.40%), and according to this data is significant. Chi square = 3.28; P = 0.32 (NS). Total of 122 individuals who complained of various bleeding patterns are included in the column above. Menorrhagia was the most prevalent (26.22%). Acyclical (MPH) was found in 20.49% of patients, oligomenorrhea in 23.77%, polymenorrhea in 14.75%, polymenorrhea in 6.55%, hypomenorrhea in 4.1%, and metrorrhagia in 4.1% of cases. Menorrhagia was the most common complaint among patients, followed by oligomenorrhea, and according to this data is significant. Chi square = 8.28; P = 0.032 (S). This table illustrates how the various forms of clinically recognized DUB cases relate to hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism. 34.1% of patients with menorrhagia were euthyroid, and 25% and 100% of patients with polymenorrhea had hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, respectively. In contrast, 50% of patients with oligomenorrhea had subclinical hypothyroidism, whereas only 16.6% of individuals with menorrhagia had hypothyroidism. 50% of patients with oligomenorrhea had subclinical hypothyroidism, 16.6% had hypothyroidism, and 0% had hyperthyroidism. 40% of patients with polymenorrhea also had subclinical hypothyroidism. Thus, only 50% of patients with subclinical hypothyroidism had oligomenorrhea, while 40% of patients presented with   polymenorrhea and 5% with menorrhagia. The majority of hypothyroid and euthyroid individuals had acyclical metropathia (MPH); the respective percentages were 19.31% and 16.6%. Conversely, hyperthyroid individuals were only exhibiting polymenorrhea or oligomenorrhea. The most common bleeding patterns in subclinical hypothyroid patients are polymenorrhea and menorrhagia and according to this data is significant. Chi square = 8.28; P = 0.032 (S).

Conclusion: These findings emphasize the need for increased awareness and monitoring of thyroid health in women during and after pregnancy to mitigate potential complications. This study highlights the significant prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions among patients with dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB), particularly noting the high incidence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in specific menstrual irregularities.