The Cardioprotective Effects Of Bromelain On Wistar Rat Myocardial Cells Induced By Doxorubicin: An Evaluation Based On Troponin T And Troponin I

Abstract

Globally, 2.3 million women are diagnosed with breast cancer annually, leading to an estimated 670,000 deaths. Doxorubicin (DOX), one of the anthracycline chemotherapeutic agents widely used in various malignancies including breast cancer, poses a significant therapeutic dilemma due to its association with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Bromelain, an extract from Ananas comosus, has gained attention as a plant-derived compound with cardioprotective potential, primarily due to its potent antioxidant activity. This study aims to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of bromelain in DIC in Wistar rats using troponin T (cTnT) and I (cTnI) as cardiac biomarkers.

Fifteen Wistar rats (150–200 g) were randomized into three groups: (P1) Normal, (P2) DOX (15 mg/kg, i.p) and (P3) DOX (15 mg/kg, i.p) + Br (40 mg/kg, p.o). After 14 days, blood was collected for cTnT and cTnI measurement. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and significant outcomes were examined with Bonferroni post hoc comparisons.

cTnT and cTnI were significantly increased in the DOX group (p<0.001). Post-hoc Bonferroni analysis confirmed a significant reduction in serum cTnT (p = 0.05; 95%CI, −0.0005-0.348 ng/mL) and cTnI (p = 0.022; 95%CI, 0.028-0.384 ng/mL) in the P3 group.

Bromelain exerts a cardioprotective effect on the myocardial cells of doxorubicin-induced Wistar rats.