Clinical Profile of Autonomic Dysregulation in Functional Cardiopathy and Labile Arterial Hypertension among Male Conscripts

Abstract

The article examines the prevalence and clinical-functional characteristics of functional cardiopathy (FCP) and labile arterial hypertension (LAH) among male conscripts, with consideration of the structure of adaptive-regulatory mechanisms (ARM). A total of 126 conscripts (18.3 ± 0.6 years) were examined during 2022–2025; 84 individuals formed the main group (presence of FCP/LAH), and 42 served as the comparison group. The study protocol included questionnaires (HADS, PSS-10), physical and laboratory examinations, ECG, echocardiography, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Statistical processing was performed using Student’s t-test and χ² test, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Patients with FCP/LAH demonstrated higher body mass index (24.3 ± 3.9 vs. 22.6 ± 3.1 kg/m²; p = 0.004), resting tachycardia (86 ± 9 vs. 75 ± 8 bpm; p < 0.001), and elevated office blood pressure (132/82 vs. 119/73 mmHg; p < 0.001). The mean 24-hour blood pressure, proportion of “non-dippers,” and LF/HF index were significantly higher compared with controls, indicating a predominance of sympathetic imbalance. The findings suggest that the combination of FCP and LAH in one-fifth of conscripts forms a maladaptive phenotype characterized by impaired autonomic regulation, underscoring the need for early detection and targeted preventive interventions.